中國特色詞匯中文翻譯英文節(jié)選
http://www.zo361.cn/ 2013-09-27 16:49
上海翻譯公司
將軍肚--general's belly; beer belly
行賄受賄--offer and take bribes
黑哨--black whistle
費改稅--tax-for-fee
待業(yè)--job-waiting
待崗await job assignment; post-waiting
力作masterpiece
出臺--unveil fresh policy
出籠--release a bad publication, plan, etc.
出風頭--show off
炒作--speculation (stock); sensationalization (news)
空難--air crash；aviation calamity
意見簿--visitors' (customers') book
職業(yè)經(jīng)理人--professional manager
冷門--dark horse; an unexpected winner
禮儀小姐--ritual girl
空降部隊--paratroops
黑心腸，害群之馬--black sheep
中國特色詞匯
安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素計算的國民經(jīng)濟總值 GNP at factor cost
按揭貸款 mortgage loan
按勞分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗戀 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
暗虧 hidden loss
澳門大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul
奧姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult
巴黎證券交易所 Paris Bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白馬王子 Prince Charming
白色行情表 white sheet
白色農(nóng)業(yè) white agriculture (also called "white engineering
agriculture" It
refers to microbiological agriculture and biological
cell agriculture.)
白手起家 starting from scratch
白條 IOU note, IOU:債款、債務，由I owe you 的讀音縮略轉(zhuǎn)義而來白雪公主 Snow
White
擺架子 put on airs
擺譜兒 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜把兄弟 sworn brothers
拜年 pay New Year call
搬遷戶 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球運動記者 scribe
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for
a rich man; lean
on a moneybags
包干到戶 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly
in kind and
partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的良好勢頭 maintain a good momentum of growth in
the
national economy
保持國有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理業(yè)務 factoring business
保護性關稅 protective tariffs
保稅區(qū) the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保證重點支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值儲蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
報國計劃的實施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
北歐投資銀行 Nordic Investment Bank
本本主義 bookishness
《本草綱目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
本壘打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the
12 Terrestrial
Branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
笨鳥先飛 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦極 bungee, bungee jumping
避免“大而全”的重復建設 avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping)
construction of "small and all inclusive projects"
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比較經(jīng)濟學 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many;
to fall short
of the best, but be better than the worst
閉門羹 given cold-shoulder
邊際報酬 marginal return
邊緣科學 boundary science
變相漲價 disguised inflation
便攜式電腦 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
標書 bidding documents
表演賽 demonstration match
剝奪冠軍 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（業(yè)）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
補缺選舉 by-election
補貼與反補貼措施 subsidies and countervailing measures
布達拉宮 Potala Palace
布雷頓森林體系 Bretton Woods system
不敗記錄 clean record, spotless record
不承諾放棄使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不到長城非好漢 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not
a true man.
不分上下的總統(tǒng)選舉結(jié)果the neck-and-neck presidential election
result
《不見不散》 Be there or be square.
不可再生資源 non-renewable resources
不良貸款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之風 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
不準打白條 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)
步行天橋 foot bridge
擦邊球 edge ball, touch ball
擦網(wǎng)球 net ball
采取高姿態(tài) show magnanimity
采取市場多元化戰(zhàn)略 adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
“菜籃子”工程 the "shopping basket' project (program)
參政、議政 participate in the management of State affairs
滄海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry
fields change into
seas--time brings great changes to the world.
What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry
fields--the world is
changing all the time.
倉儲式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
草根工業(yè) grass root industry (refers to village and
township enterprises
which take root among farmers and grow like wold
grass)
層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal
sub-contracting
差額投票 differential voting
差額選舉 competitive election
茶道 sado
查房 make/go the rounds of the wards
拆東墻補西墻 rob Peter to pay Paul
拆遷戶 households or units relocated due to building
demolition
攙水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be
bought by persons
inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower
that their face value)
禪 dhyana
產(chǎn)糧大省 granary province
產(chǎn)量比1997年增加了2倍 the output has increased 3 times
(registered a 3-fold
increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997
產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu) product mix
產(chǎn)權明晰、權責明確、政企分開、科學管理 clearly established ownership,
well
defined power and responsibility, separation of
enterprise from
administration, and scientific management
產(chǎn)權制度、產(chǎn)權關系 property relations; property order
產(chǎn)銷直接掛鉤 directly link production with marketing
產(chǎn)業(yè)的升級換代 upgrading of industies
產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級 upgrading of an industrial structure
長二捆 LM-2E
長江三角洲 Yangtze River delta
長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共 long-term coexistence, mutual
supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the
sharing of weal or
woe
長線產(chǎn)品 product in excessive supply
廠長經(jīng)理負責制 the factory director (manager) responsibility
system
暢通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
暢銷產(chǎn)品 marketable products; products with good market
commodities in
short supply goods in great demand.
唱高調(diào) mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型計算機 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消費 overconsuming, excessive consumption
徹頭徹尾的反動政治勢力an out and out reactionary political force
城市規(guī)劃 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城市中年雅皮士 muppie （一批中年專業(yè)人士，附庸風雅，矯揉造作cutesification，
崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比銀行存款bankification等擺闊作風，由
middle-aged urban yuppie縮合而成）
城鄉(xiāng)信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural
areas
吃大鍋飯 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from
the same big pot"
吃皇糧 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported
from the government
重復建設 building redundant project; duplication of
similar projects
抽殺成功 hit through
籌備委員會 preparatory committee
出風頭 show off;in the limelight
出口創(chuàng)匯能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through
exports
出口加工區(qū) export processing zones
出口退稅制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported
goods; export (tax)
rebate
出口退稅 refunding export taxes
出口轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)銷 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced
for exports
出家 pravrajana; cloister
傳銷 multi level marketing
窗口行業(yè) various service trades
創(chuàng)建衛(wèi)生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
創(chuàng)匯產(chǎn)品 foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts
創(chuàng)業(yè)園 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹風會 (advanced) briefing
春蕾計劃 Spring Buds Program
春運 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals
磁懸浮列車 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train),
magnetic suspension
train
刺激內(nèi)需 stimulate domestic demand
辭舊迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new;
ring out the old
year and ring in the new
此地無銀三百兩 A guilty person gives himself away by
consciously protesting
his innocence.
從粗放經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s經(jīng)濟 shift from extensive economy to intensive
economy
粗放式管理 extensive management
促進全球經(jīng)濟一體化 foster integration with the global economy
促進富余人員合理流動 promote a rational flow of surplus
personnel
促進住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 存款保證金
guaranty
money for deposits
大包干 all-round responsibility system; lump-sum
appropriations operation
達到或接近國際先進水平 reach or approach advanced international
standards
打破地區(qū)封鎖和行業(yè)壟斷 break regional blockades and trade
monopolies
呆帳與壞帳 stagnant debts and bad debts non performing
funds
道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)飆升至9580點 the Dow Jones industrial index
average
soared to 9580 points
當日指數(shù)已1120點收盤 the index closed finished ended at 120 on
that day
第三產(chǎn)業(yè) third/tertiary industry, service sector, third
sequence of
enterprises
第四產(chǎn)業(yè) quaternary/information industry
第一/第二/第三產(chǎn)業(yè) the primary/secondary/tertiary industry
(the service
sector)
“豆腐渣”工程 a jerry-built project
東亞金融危機 the southeast Asian Financial crisis (turmoil)
毒品走私 drug trafficking
對大中型國營企業(yè)進行公司制改革 to corporatize large and medium-sized
State-
owned (state-owned, state) enterprises
厄爾尼諾 El Nino
惡性腫瘤 malignant tumor
惡性循環(huán) vicious circle
遏制通貨膨脹 curb (check, curtail) the inflation
**功 Falun Gong Cult
發(fā)行股票、債券 issue shares and bonds
發(fā)揚優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng) carry forward the fine traditions
發(fā)優(yōu)惠券以促銷 issue discount shopping coupons to promote
sales
發(fā)展文學藝術、新聞出版、廣播影視 develop literature, the arts, the
press,
publications, radio, film and television; promote
literature and art, the
press and publishing, radio, film and television
發(fā)展新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和高技術產(chǎn)業(yè) develop rising and high-tech industries
發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)、林業(yè) develop animal husbandry (livestock
farming),
aquaculture and forestry
反對鋪張浪費 oppose/combat extravagance and waste
反傾銷 anti-dumping
防暴警察 riot police
防止經(jīng)濟過熱 prevent an overheated economy (overheating of
the economy)
防止國有資產(chǎn)流失 prevent the loss (devaluation) of State
assets
防止泡沫經(jīng)濟 avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in
economy)
分流下崗人員爭取再就業(yè) redirect laid-off workers for reemployment
扶貧、脫貧 poverty reduction and elimination
婦幼保健 maternity and child care
改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設的總設計師 the chief architect of China's reform,
opening and modernization drive
改進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu) improve the industrial pattern and product
mix
該公司股票已經(jīng)上市 the stock of the company have been listed
(have gone
public, have been launched)
趕上或超過國際先進水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced
world levels
高舉鄧小平理論的偉大旗幟 hold high the greater banner of Deng
xiaoping
Theory
各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)
個體戶 self-employed households /people
個人所得稅 individual income tax
個體工商業(yè)者 individual industrialists and businessman
公務員 public servants; civil servants; government
functionaries;
government employees
股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system
股份制 the joint stock system
股票熱降溫了 the stock craze has abated
股市指數(shù) the stock market (exchange) index
股市指數(shù)突破1300點大關 the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark
股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底 the index slumped 7.8 percent to
14.3 Yuan
鼓勵兼并，規(guī)范破產(chǎn) encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy
procedures
規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，減輕就業(yè)壓力 to ease the pressure of employment (the
employment
pressure)
國防科技 defence-related science and technology
國際大都市 cosmopolis
國家指定考試 government-mandated test
國家主席/總理/副總理/國務委員/部長/省長/廳、局長/縣長/處長/科長/鄉(xiāng)長/村民委
員會主任 president/premier/vice premier/state
councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county
magistrate, county
head/department head/ section chief/ head of the
township/ chairman of the
village committee
國家公務員制度 the system of public services
國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值/國民生產(chǎn)總值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross
National
Product)
國事訪問 a state visit
恒生指數(shù)（香港）寬幅震蕩 the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently
獲薄利 earn (make) narrow profits
獲厚利 earn (make, reap) substantial profits
海市蜃樓，鏡花水月, 無稽之談 a mare’s nest
海灣戰(zhàn)爭綜合癥 the complexities of the Gulf War
函授大學 correspondence university
旱地滑雪場 mock skiing park
漢字處理軟件 Chinese character processing software
航母 aircraft carrier
豪賭 unrestrained gambling
好事不出門，惡事傳千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate,
while bad news
spread far and wide.
好出風頭的運動員 exhibitionist, grandstander
好萊塢大片 Hollywood blockbuster
"好球" "Strike"
和服 Kimono
合理引導消費 guide rational consumption
合議庭 collegiate bench
核銷 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社會 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
宏觀調(diào)控 macro-control
紅包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (貶) bribe,
kickback
《紅樓夢》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
紅帽子企業(yè) red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a
private
enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government
department and doing
business in the name of a state-run or collective-run
enterprise)
紅細胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)
環(huán)太平洋地區(qū) Pacific Rim
后防空虛 leave the defense exposed
后臺管理 back-stage management
呼啦圈 hu la hoop
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so
long that young
workers become bearded)
虎父無犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.
互動廣告 interactive advertisement
戶口簿 residence booklet
戶口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
戶主 head of a household
護身法寶 amulet
華表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
華蓋 canopy
滑板車 scooter
"壞球" "Ball"
還俗 resume secular life, unfrock
"黃、賭、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and
trafficking
黃金時段 prime time
(吃)"皇糧" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the
government; salary
paid by the state
揮棒 swing
揮棒不中 fan
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
匯豐銀行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外戀 extramarital love
活到老，學到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬計劃 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high
technology)
貨幣化 monetization
貨幣回籠 withdrawal of currency from circulation
貨到付款 cash on delivery
基礎設施工程第一期 the first phase of the infrastructure
project
積壓產(chǎn)品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
緝毒隊 narcotics squad
計劃生育 family planning (birth control)
積極培育新的經(jīng)濟增長點 actively cultivate new points of economic
growth
技術/勞動/資本/知識密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)
technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-
intensive/knowledge-intensive industries
技術更新/改造 technological updating /renovation
計算機2000年問題 Y2Kproblem
(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)
加強稅收政策 tighten tax collection
加強物質(zhì)文明和精神文明的建設 foster both material progress and
cultural and
ethical (cultural and ideological) progress
加強優(yōu)生、優(yōu)育 improve prenatal and postnatal care
加速科技成果商品化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化進程 accelerate the commercialization and
industrialization of scientific and technological
achievements
艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)的精神 the hardworking and enterprising spirit
減輕農(nóng)民負擔 lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)
建設性戰(zhàn)略伙伴關系 a constructive strategic partnership
減員增效 increase efficiency by downsizing staff
解決他們的溫飽問題 provide them with adequate food and clothing
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
今年第一季度產(chǎn)量比去年同期增長了12.5% the production increased 12.5%
between January and March compared the corresponding
period (the same
time ) last year
金融機構(gòu) financial institutions
精兵之路 fewer but better troops
經(jīng)濟發(fā)展全球化的趨勢 the globalization trend in economic
development
經(jīng)濟法制化 to manage economic affairs according to law;
to put economic operation on a legal basis
經(jīng)濟技術開發(fā)區(qū) an economic and technological development zone
經(jīng)濟市場化/私有化 the mercerization/privatization of the
economy
經(jīng)濟特區(qū) a special economic zone
經(jīng)濟體制改革 economic restructuring
經(jīng)濟萎縮/起飛/興旺 an economic depression (slump,
recession)/an economic
takeoff/an economic boom
經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)軌 switch to a market economy
精簡各級政府機構(gòu) streamline government departments at all
levels
精品 competitive products
競爭意識 competitive spirit
九屆二次全國人民代表大會 the second session of the 9th National
People's
Congress
就業(yè)前和在職培訓 pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service)
training
糾正行業(yè)不正之風 rectify malpractice in various trades
軍嫂 military spouse
科技是第一生產(chǎn)力 Science and technology constitute the primary
productive
force.
科教興國戰(zhàn)略 the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating)
China through
science and education
克隆 clone
扣除通貨膨脹因素后的人均實際年收入 the annual per-captia income in real
terms (allowing for inflation )
跨國公司 transnational corporation (transactional,
multinational
corporation ,multinational)
擴大/縮小地區(qū)發(fā)展差距 widen/narrow the gap/disparity between
regions/localities in terms of development
勞務輸出 export of labor services
勞務招聘會 a labor fair; a job fair
聯(lián)防 community/team policing
連續(xù)五年豐收 bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for
five years in
row for five years running for five years on end for
the fifth
consecutive year)
練攤 to be a vendor (do business)
亂收費、亂集資、亂攤派的現(xiàn)象依然很嚴重 Arbitrary collection of charges,
abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionment
(arbitrary quotas) are
still rampant.
盲流和倒流人員 jobless migrants from rural areas to cities,
influx from the countryside
美圓對日圓全面升值 the system of pegging the currency to the US
dollar
名牌產(chǎn)品 famous-brand products ,brand named product
民族問題 the ethnic minority issue
母公司/子公司/分公司/辦事處 the parent
company /subsidiary/branch/branch/representative
office
耐用消費品 consumer durables
內(nèi)耗 in-fighting
農(nóng)副業(yè)產(chǎn)品 agricultural (farm) and sideline products
農(nóng)村/城市信用合作社 rural/urban credit cooperatives
牛市/熊市 a bull/bear market
歐元 Euro
派出所 local police station
跑龍?zhí)?utility man, play a bit role, general handyman
泡沫經(jīng)濟 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
培養(yǎng)跨世紀人才 bring up (foster) cross-century
(trans-century) specialists
棚戶 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰釘子 get snubbed
碰頭會 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal
meeting with no fixed
agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange
information.)
疲軟股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
啤酒肚 beer belly
票販子 scalper, ticket tout
票房 box office
騙匯、逃匯、套匯 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses,
not turn over
foreign currency owed to the government and illegal
arbitrage
拼圖 jigsaw
貧富懸殊 polarization of rich and poor
貧鈾彈 depleted uranium bomb
平均主義 equalitarianism
平面設計師 graphic designer
評頭論足 nit-pick
瓶頸制約 “bottleneck”restrictions
撲網(wǎng)(體） rush-up, rushing
普選制 general election system
妻管嚴丈夫 hen-pecked husband
取消“大鍋飯” give up the practice of "eating from the same
big pot"
abolish egalitarianism
取消福利分房 abolish the welfare-oriented distribution
(allocation) of
public housing
全球變暖 global warming
全面投產(chǎn)開工 go into (enter ) full operation; be full
operation; be fully
operational
拳頭產(chǎn)品 knockout product or competitive product
缺少流動資金 a shortage of circulating funds (floating
capital)
裙帶經(jīng)濟 crony economy
人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts;
specialists
人才市場 the personnel market
人均國民生產(chǎn)總值達到中等發(fā)達國家水平 The average per-capita GNP will
reach
the standard of moderately developed countries.
人民幣對美圓匯率穩(wěn)定 the stability of RMB exchange rate against
USD
人民幣貶值的壓力 the devaluation pressure on RMB
人均住房 per-capita housing
日經(jīng)指數(shù)跌至今年最低點 the Nikkei Index fell to a record low for
the year.
融資 financing; fund-raising
三角戀愛 love triangle
三角債 chain debts
三陪服務 escort service
傻瓜相機 Instamatic INSTA(NT)+(AUTO)MATIC
商品房空置的現(xiàn)象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品糧基地 a commodity grain production base
商業(yè)銀行 commercial banks
上海證券交易所 the Shanghai Securities Exchange
社會生活 social activities
社會治安情況 law-and-order situation
生活物價指數(shù) the cost of living index/the price index
誰控股？ Who holds the controlling shares?
實行董事會領導下的總經(jīng)理負責制 practice the system of
director-general
responsibility under the leadership of board of the
bored of directors.
使經(jīng)濟進一步市場化 make the economy more market-oriented
使大中型企業(yè)擺脫困境 extricate (free) the large and medium-sized
state-
owned enterprises from predicament
實體經(jīng)濟 the real economy
售后服務 after sale service
死胡同 blind alley
私人企業(yè) private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign
financed foreign-
owned) enterprises
提高軍隊在高科技條件下的作戰(zhàn)能力 improve the army combat capabilities
under
high-tech conditions
提高綜合國力 improve the overall national strength (the
overall strength of
the country)
投訴 lodge a complaint, register a beef
投訴熱線 dial-a-cheat confidential hotline
投資熱點 a region attractive to investors, a much-sought
piece of land,
popular investment spot
推進國民經(jīng)濟信息化 try to informationize the national economy
推進政府機構(gòu)改革 restructure government institutions
脫貧致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a
road to
prosperity
外交豁免權 diplomatic immunity
外商獨資企業(yè) wholly (solely ) foreign-owned enterprises
外向型經(jīng)濟/城市 an export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented
city, an
international city
外資 overseas investment
外資企業(yè) foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign
financed ,foreign-
owned) enterprises .
下海 go into business
小康水平 the living standards of a fairly comfortable
life; a relatively
comfortable standard of living
消除兩極分化，最終達到共同富裕 eliminate polarization and ultimately
achieve common prosperity
沿著有中國特色的社會主義道路闊步前進 take great strides along the road
to
socialism with Chinese characteristics
搖頭丸 dancing outreach
依法收稅 levy taxes according the law
一次付清 pay in full
一次消費 one-time-consumption
一次成像照片 a Polaroid picture
一次償還信貸 non-installment
一次性杯子 sanitary cup
一次性筷子 disposable chopsticks
一次性收入 lump-sum payment
一次用包裝 non-returnable container
一次性匯款 lump-sum payment
一次性拖鞋 disposable slippers
一蹶不振的B股市場 a sluggish B-share market
以經(jīng)濟建設為中心 take economic construction as the central
task
隱形就業(yè) unregistered employment; veiled re-employment
隱形眼鏡 contact lens
有價證券投資 portfolio investment
擁軍優(yōu)屬 preferential treatment for families of servicemen
and martyrs
擁有至少50%的股份 hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity
由于資源不足，必須實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 We must adopt the strategy of
sustainable development owing to the limited
resources.
與國際接軌 be geared to international standards; be brought
in line with
international practice (norms)
與美圓的聯(lián)系匯率 the system of pegging the currency to the
U.S. dollar
育齡夫婦 couples of child-bearing age
增加財政收入 increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
增殖稅 the value-added tax (VAT)
掌上明珠 the apple of one's eye
正常貿(mào)易關系 Normal Trade Relations
政策銀行 policy bank
政企分開 separate administrative functions from
enterprises
management separate administration from management
振興支柱產(chǎn)業(yè) invigorate pillar industries
振興中華 the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese
nation
支持強強聯(lián)合，實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補 support association between strong
enterprises
so that they can take advantage of each other's
strengths
智囊團、思想庫 the brain trust (think tank)
執(zhí)行通貨緊縮政策 pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of
deflation)
支援災區(qū)（災民）；救災 provide relief to disaster-stricken areas
(people)
制約 check and supervision
中共十五大 the 15th National Congress of the CPC
中外合資100強 the top 100 Sino-foreign (Chinese-foreign)
joint ventures
重視老齡化問題 attach importance to the problem of population
aging (the
aging population)
晝夜服務 round-the-clock service
主體經(jīng)濟 principal sector of the economy; the mainstay of
the economy
滯銷貨 unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product
抓大放小 manage large enterprises well while ease control
over small ones
總產(chǎn)值創(chuàng)最高歷史記錄 total output value hit a record high (an
all-time
high)
綜合指數(shù)停止下滑，上升28點，達到671點 the composite stopped the
declining
momentum, gaining 28 points to 671
最終實現(xiàn)人民幣的自由兌換 the free convertibility of the RMB will
evenly be
instituted the RMB will finally become a convertible
currency
漢語新難詞英譯
摘要：時代飛速發(fā)展，漢語新難詞不斷涌現(xiàn)，翻譯時頗難下筆，還有一些政策性很強的詞句，翻譯時頗費斟酌。故而，中國譯協(xié)中譯外委員會（由來自外交部、中央編譯局、中國外交局、新華社、中國國際廣播電臺、中國日報社的專家學者組成）定期組織研討會議，討論并規(guī)范目前外宣工作中的漢語新難詞，向社會公布，以正視聽。以下選摘部分（均已注明出處，以顯有據(jù)可稽）。
經(jīng)濟詞匯
保險業(yè) the insurance industry
保證重點指出 ensure funding for priority areas
補發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金 clear up pension payments in arrears
不良貸款 non-performing loan
層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分包 mutlti-level contracting and illegal
subcontracting
城鄉(xiāng)信用社 credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas
城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city
residents
城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保障制度 the system of medical insurance for urban
workers
出口信貸 export credit
貸款質(zhì)量 loan quality
貸款質(zhì)量五級分類辦法 the five-category assets classification for
bank loans
防范和化解金融風險 take precautions against and reduce financial
risks
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
非法外匯交易 illegal foreign exchange transaction
非貿(mào)易收匯 foreign exchange earnings through nontrade
channels
非銀行金融機構(gòu) non-bank financial institutions
費改稅 transform administrative fees into taxes
跟蹤審計 follow-up auditing
工程監(jiān)理制度 the monitoring system for projects
國有資產(chǎn)安全 the safety of state-owned assets
過度開墾 excess reclamation
合同管理制度 the contract system for governing projects
積極的財政政策 pro-active fiscal policy
基本生活費 basic allowance
解除勞動關系 sever labor relation
金融監(jiān)管責任制 the responsibility system for financial
supervision
經(jīng)濟安全 economic security
靠擴大財政赤字搞建設 to increase the deficit to spend more on
development
擴大國內(nèi)需求 the expansion of domestic demand
拉動經(jīng)濟增長 fuel economic growth
糧食倉庫 grain depot
糧食收購企業(yè) grain collection and storage enterprise
糧食收購資金實行封閉運行 closed operation of grain purchase funds
糧食銷售市場 grain sales market
劣質(zhì)工程 shoddy engineering
亂收費、亂攤派、亂罰款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and
fines
騙匯、逃匯、套匯 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses,
not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal
arbitrage
融資渠道 financing channels
商業(yè)信貸原則 the principles for commercial credit
社會保險機構(gòu) social security institution
失業(yè)保險金 unemployment insurance benefits
偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay
taxes
外匯收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending
以上摘自《中國翻譯》2000年第二期
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-based; Informationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive
外資企業(yè) overseas-funded enterprises
下崗職工 laid-off workers
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
三角債 chain debts
素質(zhì)教育 education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
社會治安情況 law-and-order situation
民族國家 nation state
臺灣當局 Taiwan authorities
臺灣同胞 Taiwan compatriots
臺灣是中國領土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the
Chinese territory.
西部大開發(fā) Development of the West Regions
可持續(xù)性發(fā)展 sustainable development
風險投資 risk investment
通貨緊縮 deflation
擴大內(nèi)需 to expand domestic demand
計算機輔助教學 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )
網(wǎng)絡空間 cyberspace
虛擬現(xiàn)實 virtual reality
網(wǎng)民 netizen ( net citizen )
電腦犯罪 computer crime
電子商務 the e-business
網(wǎng)上購物 shopping online
應試教育 exam-oriented education
學生減負 to reduce study load
熱門話題新難詞------英譯
素質(zhì)教育 ：Quality Education
EQ：分兩種，一種為教育商數(shù)Educational quotient，另一種情感商數(shù)Emotional
quotient
保險業(yè)： the insurance industry
保證重點指出： ensure funding for priority areas
補發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金： clear up pension payments in arrears
不良貸款： non-performing loan
層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分包： mutlti-level contracting and illegal
subcontracting
城鄉(xiāng)信用社： credit cooperative in both urban and rural
areas
城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障： a minimum standard of living for city
residents
城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保障制度： the system of medical insurance for
urban workers
出口信貸： export credit
貸款質(zhì)量： loan quality
貸款質(zhì)量五級分類辦法： the five-category assets classification
for bank loans
防范和化解金融風險： take precautions against and reduce
financial risks
防洪工程： flood-prevention project
非法外匯交易 ： illegal foreign exchange transaction
非貿(mào)易收匯： foreign exchange earnings through nontrade
channels
非銀行金融機構(gòu)： non-bank financial institutions
費改稅： transform administrative fees into taxes
跟蹤審計： follow-up auditing
工程監(jiān)理制度： the monitoring system for projects
國有資產(chǎn)安全： the safety of state-owned assets
過度開墾 ： excess reclamation
合同管理制度： the contract system for governing projects
積極的財政政策 ： pro-active fiscal policy
基本生活費： basic allowance
解除勞動關系： sever labor relation
金融監(jiān)管責任制： the responsibility system for financial
supervision
經(jīng)濟安全： economic security
靠擴大財政赤字搞建設： to increase the deficit to spend more on
development
擴大國內(nèi)需求 ： the expansion of domestic demand
拉動經(jīng)濟增長： fuel economic growth
糧食倉庫： grain depot
糧食收購企業(yè)： grain collection and storage enterprise
糧食收購資金實行封閉運行： closed operation of grain purchase
funds
糧食銷售市場： grain sales market
劣質(zhì)工程： shoddy engineering
亂收費、亂攤派、亂罰款： arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas
and fines
騙匯、逃匯、套匯： obtain foreign currency under false
pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government
and illegal arbitrage
融資渠道： financing channels
商業(yè)信貸原則： the principles for commercial credit
社會保險機構(gòu)： social security institution
失業(yè)保險金： unemployment insurance benefits
偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗稅： tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to
pay taxes
外匯收支： foreign exchange revenue and spending
安居工程： housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化： information-based; Informationization
智力密集型： concentration of brain power;
knowledge-intensive
外資企業(yè)： overseas-funded enterprises
下崗職工： laid-off workers
分流： reposition of redundant personnel
素質(zhì)教育： education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects
社會治安情況： law-and-order situation
民族國家： nation state
臺灣當局： Taiwan authorities
臺灣同胞 ： Taiwan compatriots
臺灣是中國領土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the
Chinese territory.
西部大開發(fā) ： Development of the West Regions
可持續(xù)性發(fā)展： sustainable development
風險投資 ： risk investment
通貨緊縮 ： deflation
擴大內(nèi)需 ： to expand domestic demand
計算機輔助教學： computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )
網(wǎng)絡空間： cyberspace
虛擬現(xiàn)實： virtual reality
網(wǎng)民 ： netizen ( net citizen )
電腦犯罪 ： computer crime
電子商務： the e-business
網(wǎng)上購物 ： shopping online
應試教育： exam-oriented education
學生減負 ： to reduce study load
“厄爾尼諾”：（EL Nino）
“拉尼娜”：（La Nina）
“智商”：（IQ）
“情商”：（EQ）
“第三產(chǎn)業(yè)”：（third/tertiary industry, service sector, third
sequence of
enterprises）
“第四產(chǎn)業(yè)”：（quaternary/information industry）
“軍嫂”：（military spouse）
“峰會”（香港譯“極峰會議”）”：summit(conference)
“克隆”：clone
“冰毒”：ice
“搖頭丸”：dancing outreach
“傳銷”：multi level marketing
“（計算機）2000年問題”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or
thousand)
“白皮書”：white paper(不是white cover book)
“傻瓜相機”：Instamatic(商標名<INSTA（NT）+（AUTO）NATIC>，
焦距、鏡頭均固定，被稱為foolproof相機)；
“白條”：IOU note（IOU：債款、債務，由I owe you 的讀音縮略轉(zhuǎn)義而來）
“巡回招聘”：milk round（一種招聘畢業(yè)生的方式，大公司走訪各大學及學院，
向求職者介紹本公司情況并與報名者晤談）。
“減員增效”：increase efficiency by downsizing staff；
“抓大放小”：manage large enterprises well while ease
control over small ones；
“市政府要辦的X件實事”：x major projects that should be given
top priority as
designated on the municipal government’s working agenda；
“兩個基本點”：two focal points，two of the major points of
the line set by
the 13th Congress of the CPC，I.e. upholding the four
cardinal
principles and the policies reform，opening to the
outside
world and invigorating domestic economy。
“投資熱點”：a region attractive to investors，a much sought
piece of hand，
popular investment spot
“移動電話”：本系cellular（有時簡作cel）或mobile（tele）phone
“三角債”：chain debts或debt chains
“拳頭產(chǎn)品”：knockout product
“投訴熱線”：dial-a-cheat confidential hotline（打電話告訴一件欺詐事件）
“三通”的現(xiàn)譯文three links：link of trade，travel and post
“外資”：overseas investments
“開放”：open to the outside world
“聯(lián)防”：community/team policing（一種由警察和轄區(qū)居民共同參與的治安管理）
“三陪服務”：escort services（陪伴服務）。
“五講四美”：five stresses and four points of beauty
“暴利”：excessive/extravagant/exorbitant/sudden huge
profit (windfall profit也好)
“暴發(fā)戶”：upstart，parvenu，noov（e），nouveau riche（new
rich），jumped-up people(口語)
“快餐”：snack（food），quick
meal，fast（food，meal），takeaway，carryout，
MRE（meals ready to eat）
“一次（性/用）”
一次處理：single/primary treatment；
一次污染：primary pollution；
一次凍透：straight；freez-ing；
一次空氣：fresh/primary air；
一次爆破：onepull；
一次付清： pay in full；
一次消費：one-time-consumption；
一次誤差：first-order error；
一次成像照片：a Polaroid picture；
一次償還信貸： non-in-stallment；
一次性杯子：sanitary cup；
一次性筷子：disposable chopsticks；
一次性收入：lump-sum payment；
一次用包裝：non-returnable container；
一次用相機：single-use camera
西部開發(fā)：Develop Western Regions
假日經(jīng)濟：Holiday Economy
手機的利與弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cell
Phone
傳呼機不久將會被淘汰嗎？：Can Beepers Be Soon Out of Use?
電腦病毒：Computer Viruses
網(wǎng)上犯罪：Cyber Crimes
旅游熱：Tourism Wave
打拐：Cracking Down on the Abduction of Women and
Children
反毒斗爭：Anti-drug Battle
黑客：Hackers
減負：Reduction of Students’Study Load
中國加入世貿(mào)組織：China’s Entry into the WTO
沙塵暴：Sandstorms
告別1999：Farewell to the Special Year 1999
千年蟲：The Millennium Bug
千禧年的夢想：My Millennium Dreams
擁抱新千年：Embracing the New Millennium
網(wǎng)上購物：Shopping on the Net
參考書的負面效應：My View on the Negative Effects of
Reference Books
因特網(wǎng)的利與弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Internet
人類第一張基因草圖的意義：The Significance of the First Working
Draft of Human Genome Map
高校合并：The Merging of Universities
網(wǎng)上求職：Hunting for A Job on Internet
何為新世紀的好老師？：What Is a Good Teacher in the Next
Century?
中國的外資：China’s foreign Investment
中國的人才流失：The Talent Flight in China
性教育：Sex Education
明天的因特網(wǎng)：The Future Tomorrows Internet
課堂是以教師為中心還是以學生為中心？：A Teacher-centered Class or A
Student-centered Class?
現(xiàn)有的考試制度的利與弊：The Positive and Negative Aspects of
Exams and the Existing Examination System
中國的因特網(wǎng)：Internet in China
中國的電腦：Computers in China
中國的大學英語教學：College English Teaching in China
新的收費政策把學生拒之門外了嗎？：Does New Tuition Policy Keep
Students Away?
家教的利與弊：Positive and Negative Aspects of Home
Tutoring
教師，國家的未來：Teachers, A Nation’s Future
電子詞典：Electronic Dictionaries
教育應是應試教育還是素質(zhì)教育：Education: Examination-oriented or
Quality-oriented
提倡創(chuàng)新精神：Develop Our Creative Mind
計算機輔助教學：CAI/Computer Assisted Instruction
自動取款機的利與弊：Advantages and Disadvantages of the ATM
展望廿一世紀：Looking Forward to the 21st Century
盜版問題：Problem of Piracy
學會如何學習：Learn How to Learn
假文憑：Fake Diplomas
書的不良影響：My View on the Negative Effects of Books
人們?yōu)槭裁礋嶂杂诿势保浚篧hy Do People Like to Try Their Luck on
Lottery?
兼職工作：My View on a Part-time Job
無償獻血：Blood Donation without Repayment
留學海外：Studying Abroad
發(fā)展經(jīng)濟還是保護環(huán)境？：Developing Economy or Protecting the
Environment?
電子郵件：The Internet E-mail
擁抱知識經(jīng)濟的新時代：Embracing the Knowledge Economy Age
努力更新知識：Trying to Renew Knowledge
深化（中國的）改革：Deepen China’s Reform
因特網(wǎng)的利與弊：The Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet
我們需要因特網(wǎng)嗎？：Do We Need Internet?
大學英語考試：College English Test
大學英語四、六級考試有必要嗎？：Is the College English Test Band
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